Benjamin p



i No Drawing.

Patented Dec. 22, 1925.

UNITED sun- 's- PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMIN P. TAYLOR, or WYOMING, oHIo, nssren'on T0 TAYLORALL, ntcaor CINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORPORATION CF OHIO.

RUB ER cEMnN'r. 1

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN P. TAYLOR,

a citizen ofthe United States, and residing at WVyoming, in the county of Hamilton and. State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Rubber Cements, of which the following specification is a' full disclosure.

My invention relates to adhesives and is particularly directedto rubber cements for' securing leather, rubber cloth, wood and other porous or fibrous substances.

One object of my invention is to provide a series of closely related rubber cements having an aqueous carrier.

Another ob ect of my invention is to pro vide a series of rubber cements which are non-combustible and water proof.

Another object of my invention is to pro'- vide a series of rubber cements-that can be made up in quantity and stored in open vessels. without deterioration. v

Another object of my invention ris to provide a series of rubber cementswhichwill secure adhesively, oiled leather.

Another object of my inventionds to provide a series of rubber cements some of which will set ,only under pressure greater than the weight of the material. Another-object of myv invention is to 1'0 vide a series of cements containing'ru ber d 1 -I have discovered that my adhes1ves and 'their carriers have a decided tendency to which will vulcanize at room temperatures such as from to 100 F. when-applied.

My invention comprises a series of correlated discoveries, as a result of which'coordination I-am able toproduce a series of cements whichwill. satisfy a variety of specified objects. I desire to provide such disclosures; thereof as will enable anybody site to meet a range of spec1al and difi'e ent commercial needs, in the light of thisdisclosure. In order to impart this worlnng 'cosity remover.

damaging evaporation or' following, paragraphs. not only to make my specific products, but

variations thereof, having properties requl- Application filed April 5, 1924. Serial No. 704,490.

knowledge to the art, it will be advanta geous .to present the subject matter somewhat analytically. 1

. 1st diseovew.

I have noted that "aqueous rubbery liquids such as caoutchouc latex are-generally very viscous 'andtherefore when applied to fibrous materials, as cement, lie immediately on the surfaces. When the surfaces'are separated long resistant fibrous threads of cement are drawn out between them.

I. have discovered that furfural mixed therewith will take away the viscosity of such aqueous rubbery liquids, thus permitting them to cures the same in -addition to acting as a visdiscovery..- y

' I have discovered that ammonia willreact with furfural in the presence of rubber. to produce resinous substances, which have ad hesive value inv joining fibrous materials.

These resins harden on long standing or when exposed to light or heat. The resin in this case is known asfurfuramide, which netrate into fibrous mate' rials and adapting them tofunction as pow--' erful binding cements. Itis believed. that furfural' preserves the rubber and partlyunder" certain conditions changes into fuif furln. Y

- These resinsmixWith'the rubber and its agiileous carrier and produce. a verysuperior a esive. Moreover, ammonia is present in l commercial latex as a preservative The furfural will react with that ammonia,and

the resulting compo'undor an excess of the furfural will act as'a preservative for the rubber.-

3rd discovery.

penetrate fibrous substances and that this tendency can be increased by mixin'ig with special penetrants. I prefer there: alowax oil, diethyl phthalate, aniline oil and nitrobenzol for reasons which will 4;! (1480m I have discovered that stronger and more appear in the.

h a l I c I fural a chemlcal compound which mamtams,

i rubber.

increases or renders more effective the binding power of the rubberelement in sp-ite of conditions of usage or application wh1ch miight tend to impair the same.

have further discovered that Halowax oil, diethyl phthalate, aniline oil, and .nitrobenzol have these requisite stabilizing characteristics, in addition to the penetrating qualities specified in the foregoing. paragraphs. Thus I obtain from the specified use of these substances a two-fold function, which otherwise would have to be derived from the use of two separate materials, if

: available at all.

5 th discovery.

6th disco 0cm I have\ discovered that various materials generally used in rubber vulcanization processes will dissolve to some degree 1n some of the rubbervitalizers, particularly in Halowax oil. Thus I am able to produce a rubber cement which will vulcanize at room temperatures such as between and 100 F.

and be very lasting.

At this point I consider it best to describe more specifically the materials mentioned in the foregoing paragraphs.

Furfural is a chemical, compound. Its known and relevant characteristics are: that it will react with ammonia; that it will dissolve in water; that it will dissolve numerous rubber stabilizers; that it tends to penetrate into fibrous materials and that it preserves I desire to consider as an equivalent any A chemical compound or mixture of-chemical -also-'wish to include an which will have substantlally the qualities and advantages of natural latex.

Halowax oil is the trade name for the mono-chlor-naphthalene, tri-chlor-naphtha-,.

lene or any mixture of the same, but I wish a to consider as equivalents all pertinently 60 similar halogenated coal tar derivatives such as might be produced by conventional chemical substitutions such as bromine for chlorine and by various immaterial structural modifications of the radical.

Diethyl phthalate is a chemical compound tions in substantially the same manner synthetic latex rather than commercial name and no specific description is therefore needed.

The same is true of aniline oil and nitrobenzol.

The four above mentioned substances are aromatic derivatives. The requisite characteristicsof any equivalent materials are that they will mix with the water solution of my adhesive, that they shall not readily evaporate, that they will penetrate the substances to be adhesively secured without injuring the same, and dissolve to some degree in furfural in the aqueous rubbery environment. I therefore wish to include within the scope of my patent all substances which have these characteristics and perform the same funcas t'ie specific materials named.

The chemicals commonly employed in the vulcanization of rubber are sulphur and various accelerators well known to those skilled in the rubber art, such as zinc oxide, tetramethylthiurandisulphide, known as tuads, and hexamethylenetetramine, and these may be used in the cement.

The advantages and distinguishing'characteristics of these cements are numerous.

When Halowax oil or diethyl phthalate are used, the cements are opaque, but become transparent at the optimum moment.

These cements are non-viscous and can be applied by rolls or in sign painters pens, their penetrating powers being such that they sink into the material coated, and do not spread on the surface. Also the articles to be cemented maybe dipped or sprayed.

These cements can be made in quantity and stored in open-mouthed vessels. A thin film forms over the surface and protects the remainder of the body from the action of the air. This is in contrast'to the usual rubber cements which harden to the bottom, ,When exposed to the air. Also my cements will not deteriorate as might be expected where latex is employed.

Another advantage of my ,cements is that I am able to get a higher percentage of rubber than in the usual rubber cements, the latter containing as a rule fr'om one-half to five-eighths of a pound of dry rubber to the gallon. I can get good results with even less rubber, but if more rubber is desired I can increase my amount up to three pounds to a gallon.

I have also found that the penetrating powers of these cements are such that on many classes of stock the surface opposite to the one coated may be also adhesively secured. Also, these cements are effective in sticking pieces of oiled leather. 7

Various aniline dyes can be mixed with these cements Without injury to the same f-orthe purpose of giving the different cements distinctive and distinguishing colors. Also these products can be used as fillers for porous materials when desirable instead of as cements. a

The. ingredients are mixed at ordinary room temperatures such as between 60 and 80 F. The length of time of mixing depends upon the size ofthe" batch mixed and the stirring apparatus employed. I- have found it best to add each new substance sufficiently slowly to avoid undue local concento carry and distribute each addition uniformly throughout the mass.

lows:

for cementing leather cover to fibre coun-:

ters or for putting a leather cover on laminated pieces of leather or forjoin'rng double soles or for cementing laps of welting' or cement is required; heels andrubber soles: parts caoutchouc ,l'atex. 50 partswater. 10 parts furfural. 10 parts solution made up in lowing proportion:

30 parts Halowax oil.

5'parts zinc oxide. 5 parts sulphur. 5 parts tuads. i vThese formulae are merely-stated as working examples and the specificv components as well as the specified proportionsmay be varied somewhat in relation to varying requirements, readily understandable and available in the light of this disclosure.

An order of mixing tlie ingredients adapted readily to produce a homogeneous product is to mix the stabilizer with the furfural and then incorporate the solids such as sulphur or zinc oxide,-if they are used, in this mixture. ater is then added accompanied the 01 I added thereto with further agitation. The agitation in each case is continued until a homogeneous product is' obtained. Thismixing operation should preferably take place at a temperature of 80 centigrade.

tuition and the stirring should be sufficient Some of my typical cementsia re' as fol-- For coating of wood, leather or cloth that is intended to be shipped or used later, then naphthalene. by agitation after which-the latex is slowly c th'alene, and sulphur. J

I I desireto be limited only by the ensuing claims: r

1. A new composition of matter characterized by adhesive properties the constituting components of which are rubber with anaqueous carrier and furfural constituting a body having the property of incorporating a. suitable rubber stabilizer therewith, and a rubber stabilizer.

2. A new composition of matter charac terized by adhesive properties the constituting coinponents of which are rubber with an aqueous carrier, furfural, and a halogenated naphthalene. j g

3. A n'w composition of matter ch'arac- 60 terized by adhesive properties the constituting components of whichare rubber with an aqueous carrier, furfural and mono-chlornaphthalene and/or trischlor-naphthalene.

4. A new composition of matter charaoterized byadhsive properties the constituting components of which are rubber. with an aqueous carrier, furfural, mono-chlor-naphthalene and/or tri-chlor-naphthalene, and

sulphur.

5. A new composition of matter characterized by adhesive properties the constitut- 'ingcomponents of which are rubber with an aqueous carrier, furfural mono-chlor-naph-' thalene and/or tri-chlor-naphthalene, sulphur, and vulcanization accelerators,

6. A new composition of matter chairac- I terized by adhesive propertiesthe constitut- ,7 ing components of which are rubber with an p Y aqueous carrier, furfural, mono-chlor-naph- 1'00 belting or any place where along lastlng' or attaching rubber-- thalene and/or tri-chlor-naphthalene, sulphur, zinc oxide, and tuads.

7L A-new composition of-matter characterized by adhesive properties the constituting components of which are rubber with an aqueous carrier,'ammonia', and furfural. p

8. A new composition of matter characterized by adhesive properties the const1tuting components ofwhich are rubber with an aqueous carrier, ammonia, and. furfural constituting a body having the property of mcorporating a suitable .rubber stabilizer therewith, and a rubber-stabilizer. I

9. A new composition of matter characterized byadhesive properties the constitut- 1 ing components of which are rubber with an aqueous carrier, ammonia, turfural and" a halogenated naphthalene.

11. Anew composition of matter characterized byadhesive properties'the constitut .hlor-naphthalene and/or tri-chlor-naph-' no 12. A new composition of matter characterized by adhesive properties the constituting components of which are rubber with an aqueous carrier, ammonia, furfural, monochlor-naphthalene and/or tri-chlor-naphthalene, sulphur, and vulcanization accelerators. J

13, A new composition of matter characterized by adhesive properties the constituting components of which are rubber with an aqueous carrier, ammonia, furfural, monochlor-naphthalene and/or tri-chlor-naphthalene, oil, sulphur, zinc oxide, and tuads.

14:. A new composition of matter characterized by adhesive properties the constituting components of which are caoutchouc latex and furfural constituting a body having the property of incorporating a suitable rubber stabilizer therewith, and a rubber stabil:

15. A new composition of matter characterized by adhesive properties the constituting components of which are caoutchouc lagex, furfural and a halogenated naphthaene.

latex,

16. A new composition of matter characterized by adhesive properties the constituting components of which are eaoutchouc latex, furfural and mono-chlor-naphthalene and/or tri-chlor-naphthalene.

17. A new composition of matter characterized by adhesive properties the constituting components of which are caoutchouc latex, furfural, mono chlor naphthalene and/or tri-chlor-naphthalene, and sulphur.

18. A new composition of matter characterized by adhesive properties the constituting components of which are caoutchouc latex, furfural, mono-chlormaphthalene and/or tri-chlor-naphthalene, sulphur, and vulcanization accelerators.

19. A newcomposition of matter characterized by adhesive properties the constituting components of which are caoutchouc furfural, mono chlor naphthalene and/o1ctri-chlor-naphthalene, sulphur, zinc, oxide, and tuads.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name.

BENJAMIN P. TAYLOR. 

